建立科研小组提高食品微生物学实验教学质量

立足当前本科实验教学中存在的问题及毕业生就业形势,为进一步提高食品微生物学实验教学质量,提出在食品学科内建立科研小组的观点     

半自然条件下鳄蜥的管理

2005年7～10月我们将人工饲养鳄蜥（3条幼蜥、1条亚成蜥、5条成蜥）置于半放归栖息地进行圈养.半放归栖息地结合野外鳄蜥的生境,在半自然圈养过程中对鳄蜥进行分组管理,人工饲养的鳄蜥出现了野外鳄蜥的种群活动节律.结果表明：9月幼蜥树栖达10.38%,10月鳄蜥以在穴为主;不同年龄的鳄蜥,各种行为的时间分配无显著差异（P＞0.05）,体现了野生鳄蜥遗传特征.本文还对鳄蜥的疾病防治进行了初步探讨.     

《遗传学报》30年回顾与展望

《遗传学报》是中国遗传学会和中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所共同主办的高级学术刊物,中国自然科学核心期刊、中国科学院优秀期刊和全国优秀科技期刊,2001年被评为“中国期刊方阵双百期刊”,2002年获得“国家期刊奖重点科技期刊奖”。近年来,《遗传学报》由双月刊改为月刊,由小开本改为大开本,论文发表周期大为缩短。2002年得到的统计数据显示,《遗传学报》的各项指标均比上年增加。其中影响因子由0.605增至0.662;总被引频次由703次增至747次;基金论文比由0.80增至0.956;指标综合加权评分由62.71分增至65.887分。尤其是继美国化学文摘（CA）和医学索引（MED）收录之后,又被重要的检索系统美国生物学文摘（BA）和俄罗斯文摘杂志（PЖ）收录。     

“人体解剖及动物生理学实验”教学中科教融合理念的强化与运用

高等教育承担着人才培养的重大任务。教学和科研是高等学校不可或缺的两大职能,在当前的教育教学中,两者的关系存在失衡、融合度低等问题。本文从人体解剖及动物生理学实验及教学已存在的问题出发,主要从应用科研思政教育提高学生认知能力、结合科研实践开发实验项目、加强课堂教学与科研实践的结合等方面进行探索,树立科教融合发展的基本理念,实现高素质创新人才的培养目标。     

科技论文中线条图的优化编辑

线条图已在科技论文中得到广泛应用,良好的线条图可以将复杂的数据资料直观、简洁、明了地展现在读者面前,更有利于读者阅读和获取信息,更有助于作者思想的表达和科技信息的传播。以科技论文作者使用线条图中存在的问题为例,着重介绍了科技论文中线条图的几种优化方法。作者根据多年的编辑加工经验,通过对图类型选择、横纵坐标和图例的调整、图的合并拆分、图表转换、代码应用等方面的优化实例,为科技论文的合理加工提供信息和方法。通过线条图的优化,准确表达作者的思想和科学研究结果,有效地促进科技成果的快速传播。     

基于混合式教学的微课设计在提高医学微生物学教学质量中的应用

以病毒增殖的微课教学设计为例,探讨医学微生物学微课设计的一种理念,即将医学微生物学的课程内容、科学精神和医学生的知识技能深度融合开展微课教学设计。采用语音、文字、图片和视频等多元信息的整合生动表达教学内容。使科研情景、知识结论、知识应用、知识与实践的联系、思考后的小结有序呈现。由此让微课教学在提高医学微生物学教学质量中发挥积极作用。     

Scientific discovery as a combinatorial optimisation problem: How best to navigate the landscape of possible experiments?

A considerable number of areas of bioscience, including gene and drug discovery, metabolic engineering for the biotechnological improvement of organisms, and the processes of natural and directed evolution, are best viewed in terms of a 'landscape' representing a large search space of possible solutions or experiments populated by a considerably smaller number of actual solutions that then emerge. This is what makes these problems 'hard', but as such these are to be seen as combinatorial optimisation problems that are best attacked by heuristic methods known from that field. Such landscapes, which may also represent or include multiple objectives, are effectively modelled in silico, with modern active learning algorithms such as those based on Darwinian evolution providing guidance, using existing knowledge, as to what is the 'best' experiment to do next. An awareness, and the application, of these methods can thereby enhance the scientific discovery process considerably. This analysis fits comfortably with an emerging epistemology that sees scientific reasoning, the search for solutions, and scientific discovery as Bayesian processes.     

Scientific Independence and Credibility in Sociopolitical Processes

Abstract: Absence of scientific independence can be associated with a lack of impartiality and therefore with a lack of credibility. Yet scientific credibility is essential for effective participation in sociopolitical processes—processes that necessarily involve politics and often result in decisions about land management, conservation, and public policy. All scientists are aware of these processes, many wish to participate, and some wish to advocate for their personal policy preferences. However, scientists who lack impartiality often create the perception of bias, and they can suffer a concomitant loss of credibility. Some policy-makers also have personal preferences for certain policies, and the term normative policies can be used here even though all policies can be viewed as normative in the sense that they involve multiple inputs. Hence, the idea that scientists must provide unbiased information for unbiased application by policy-makers is sometimes wrong. For scientists to be effective participants in sociopolitical processes that lead to conservation policies or related actions, they should inform the public about issues while avoiding direct involvement in policy development and the political considerations this necessarily entails. Scientists should only participate in the decision-making process with impartial information and in their proper role as objective scientists.